Congressional Bills Assignment & Oral Comm. Semester Test Study Guide
Monday, November 16, we will begin with discussion and notes on congressional bills and parliamentary procedure, our next big project. Our classroom will present their bills much like Congress does in passing laws. But before the classroom becomes a student congress, we will have to conduct research and each student will have to draft their own bill to submit to the class to be debated and voted upon.
1. Students will have the opportunity to choose their own issue that they feel warrants change in our present system concerning either--school policy, local policy, state law, or national law.
2. Students may also choose to have a partner in this project. Careful thought should be taken in choosing a partner as this choice cannot help but have an impact on the overall effectiveness of a bill.
3. Students will receive points for drafting their bills, presenting their bills, and their parliamentary procedure skills which includes points for following parliamentary procedure and for participation in the debates of the various bills.
4. Students must participate in the debates and questioning periods of their class student congress in order to do well on this project which will be worth 150 to possibly 200 points (depending on how we decide to count short debate speeches and how many extra credit points may be earned).
4. Thursday, November 19, we will begin our research by going to the computer lab every day through Thursday, December 3.
5. Before the time we leave the computer lab, students will be responsible for having their bills typed and ready to submit to me in order for me to make a copy of every student's (within a class) bill -- so all will have a packet of any current and future bills on the floor.
6. We will begin bill presentations on December 4, and hopefully complete our session by December 10.
Semester Test
1. Attached is a study guide for the semester exam which will be given by, or shortly before December 18, our last day of the semester and of Oral Communications for this group of students.
a. Test for 7th Hr. will be Tuesday, December 15
b. Test for 1st and 2nd Hr. will be Wednesday, December 16
c. Test for 5th & 6th Hr. will be Thursday, December 17
d. Test for 3rd & 4th Hr. will be Friday, December 18
2. The semester test will cover: understanding communication, verbal and nonverbal communication, intrapersonal communication, the informative speaking process, and parliamentary procedure. It will be important that students spend time studying the study guide as the semester test grade will be 20% of the semester grade.
Final Exam Study Guide
1. An effective communicator is a good listener, knowledgeable on the topic, and organized
2. Messages are carried by symbols in all communication situations
3. Communication is defined as a process of sharing information _____.
4. Communication between two or more people is interpersonal.
5. Channels of communication are our -sense of touch, sound waves and light waves
6. A formal communication setting allows for preparation beforehand
7. In conversation between two friends, the roles of sender and receiver switch back and forth between the two people
8. The nonverbal symbol(s) in face-to-face communication are gestures, facial expressions, and tone of voice .
9. The three kinds of interference that obstruct clear communication are physical, psychological, semantic
10. Feedback is a return message
11. Communication is essential in meeting social needs, building relationships and making decisions
12. An informal communication setting includes conversation with family and friends
13. In a public speaking situation speaker’s purpose can be to inform, to persuade, or to entertain the audience
14. Debaters must prove or disprove a statement and take opposing sides on an issue.
15. One of the first steps in the communication process is having an idea to communicate.
16. A speaker can gather information about an audience by considering the audience on cultural, sociological and individual levels
17. In examining an audience’s cultural characteristics, the speaker considers age, religion, and national and ethnic background
18. Knowing the audience’s background helps the speaker predict how the audience will respond to the information and interpret the audience’s feedback
19. The process of turning ideas and feelings into symbols to be communicated is encoding.
20. Interpreting the symbols in a message is called decoding.
21. Nonverbal language is communication without words
22. Some of the functions of nonverbal language are to agree with or contradict verbal messages, to replace verbal messages and to emphasize verbal messages
23. The first thing that children learn about language is symbolic meanings
24. Some of the ways or reasons that language changes are new words are needed for new objects and ideas, meanings of existing words change and words come from other languages
25. The denotation of a word is its dictionary meaning
26. The connotation of a word is the feelings and associations the word evokes
27. The following words have positive connotations: healthy, sweet, fresh
28. The following words have neutral connotations: explain, viewers, letter
29. Standard American English is useful because it is widely used and accepted
30. Jargon is understood by people in a particular group or field
31. A dialect differs from Standard American English in pronunciation, grammar, or word choice
32. Jargon is inappropriate for speaking outside the group that uses that jargon
33. A perception check is a verbal statement about another person’s nonverbal behavior
34. People use masking when they want to disguise their feelings
35. Appearance can be interpreted by others as a clue about your attitudes, interests, and self-regard
36. Paralanguage involves voice variation, nonword sounds and pauses.
37. *Features of the environment that can send important messages to your audience include color, space, lighting, and sound.
38. Your personal space extends from 18 inches to 4 feet between you and other people.
39. Effective listening means getting meaning from sounds that are heard and being attentive and receptive
40. Factors such as your energy level, the traits, attitudes, and habits of the speaker and physical setting often affect your ability to listen
41. A critical listener usually comprehends and tests the strength of ideas
42. A speaker’s main ideas are the most important points in a speech
43. A speaker’s nonverbal clues, such as facial expressions, should be watched closely.
44. Changing volume, stressing certain words, and using gestures emphasize key meanings.
45. A stereotype is based on irrelevant evidence and based on biased beliefs
46. The connotation of a word is the feelings or associations a word evokes.
47. Your private self is that part of yourself that is most true to your self-concept
48. Intrapersonal communication is talking with yourself
49. Interpretation is explaining the information that has been selected and organized.
50. When messages are vague or very complex, listeners are more likely to misinterpret them
51. Differences in perception from one person to another result from background and experience, current mood and circumstances and selected focus
52. If you have had a lot of positive experiences, you probably have a positive self-concept
53. If you hear a lot of praise, or concentrate on the praise more than the blame, you will probably have a positive self-concept
54. Selected focus leads you to notice some things and to ignore others.
55. With a positive self-concept, you might make decisions more easily _____
56. To improve your self-concept in the area of athletic ability, you might think of three positive experiences you’ve had doing something athletic
57. William Schultz says that the need to control others or to relinquish control to them is a basic interpersonal need that affects behavior.
58. Abraham Maslow said that the five categories of needs are physiological, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization
59. Maslow said that you need to have your physiological needs met before you can think about any other needs.
60. Attitudes are long-lasting organizations of beliefs that cause you to respond in particular ways.
61. Your attitudes are likely to be affected by whether you’re introverted or extroverted, whether you feel that you are generally in control, and how shy you are and in what situations
62. If you can set and meet realistic goals for yourself, your self-esteem will improve
63. Your private self is the most like your self-concept.
64. One of the ways you learn which roles are appropriate in which situations is by getting feedback from others.
65. Need compatibility means that the role that you are playing meets someone else’s needs
66. If you have an accurate and strong self-concept, you will probably see other people’s strengths and weaknesses clearly
67. A perception check is a verbal statement that reflects your understanding of another person’s nonverbal cues
68. When you brainstorm a subject, you list ideas about the subject without evaluating them.
69. When deciding on a speech topic, always try to select one that interest you, you know something about and is appropriate for the occasion on which the speech will be given
70. The general purpose of a speech can be to inform, persuade or entertain
71. The specific purpose of a speech is its specific goal, stated in a complete declarative sentence
72. A specific purpose stating “I will explain two principles of karate and three principles of judo” needs improvement because too many ideas are included
73. Beginning a specific purpose statement for a speech with the words “I want to explain” indicates that the general purpose of the speech is to inform
74. A thesis statement is developed before research begins if the speaker is already knowledgeable
75. A persuasive speaker uses information to convince the audience
76. Motion to amend is called when a member wants to change a part of the bill.
77. Motion to follow up is called when you’ve asked a question and want a second one
78. Point of order is called when proper procedure isn’t being followed
79. Division is called when a member wants a revote
80. Second is called to show support for the previous motion
81. Point of information is called if a member has a question about procedure
82. Motion to adjourn is called when a member wants to end a session
83. You must have a friendly and an opposition speech before you can vote.
84. When you yield, you are returning the floor to someone else to speak.
.
85. Amendments require a super majority.
86. Bills require a simple majority vote.
87. You can only amend the section part of a bill.
88. Parliamentary procedure is an actual set of rules for running meetings.
89. Whereas Clause 1 addresses the significance of the problem
90. Whereas clause 2 addresses the harms of the problem.
91. Whereas Clause 3 addresses what is preventing your bill from existing now
92. Whereas clause 4 addresses how your bill will solve the harms
93. Section 1 addresses a complete statement of the plan of the bill
94. Section 2 addresses when the bill goes into effect
95. Section 3 addresses how the bill will be enforced and the penalties for not enforcing it
96. Section 4 addresses how the bill will be funded
97. In the conclusion of the speech, the speaker’s goal may be to intensify the audience’s emotional reaction to the topic, summarize key ideas and emphasize key ideas
98. A speech can be introduced by making a startling statement, telling a story and using audiovisual materials
99. The three major parts of every speech are the introduction, body and conclusion
100. Summary, recommendation, and stirring ending are all examples of conclusions
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